Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: Mitchell Borja
Author-Name-First: Mitchell
Author-Name-Last: Borja
Author-Email: mitchell.borja@arellano.edu.ph
Author-Workplace-Name: Arellano University
Author-Name: Antonino Alejandro
Author-Name-First: Antonino
Author-Name-Last: Alejandro
Author-Email: antonino.alejandro@letran.edu.ph
Author-Workplace-Name: Colegio de San Juan de Letran
Title: Sustainable hospitality through circular economy: food waste management in the restaurant sector in Manila, Philippines
Abstract: This study examines how circular economy practices – reduce, reuse, recycle, and recover – predict environmental sustainability in Manila’s restaurant sector using a foundational, sector-wide exploratory survey approach. While the hospitality industry is a significant contributor to global food waste, there remains conceptual ambiguity between specific "environmental benefits" and long-term "environmental sustainability." A total of 150 establishments reported consistent adoption of the 4Rs. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) validated the measurement model, with all standardized factor loadings exceeding the 0.60 threshold (ranging from 0.684 to 0.946), indicating strong construct validity. Multiple Linear Regression analysis confirmed positive and statistically significant predictive relationships between the 4Rs framework and environmental sustainability, explaining 81.2% of the variance (R² = 0.812), with the recover principle (β = 0.865) and the recycle principle (β = 0.832) emerging as the strongest individual predictors. The composite 4Rs score demonstrated the highest predictive strength (β = 0.901, p
Journal: CACTUS – Journal of Tourism Business, Management and Economics
Year: 2026
Creation-Date: 2026
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Pages: 38-58
Keywords: Keywords: circular economy, food waste management, 4Rs framework, environmental sustainability, Manila, Philippines
Classification-JEL: JEL Classification: L83, Q53, M14
File-URL: https://cactus-journal-of-tourism.ase.ro/uploads/public/1780248322323_r2lcjgvhm4n_II.3_Borja___Alejandro.pdf
File-Format: Application/pdf
Handle: RePEc:bum:cactus:cactus-2026-17