CACTUS CACTUS J Tour Bus Manag Econ CACTUS – Journal of Tourism Business, Management and Economics 2247-3297 ASE Publishing House Bucharest, Romania cactus-2017-7 Research Article M30, Z32, L83, L86 Manipulations of Users's Behavior Under "Social Monitoring" in Tourist Services Dediu Liviu liviu.dediu@gmail.com Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania 15 6 2017 15 1 1562017 Copyright © 2017, The Author(s) 2017 The Author(s) This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

The influence of many factors determines, along with technological and communications developments, an increase in the speed that is required to solve any task in the time unit. Not in vain, this sense of shortening time was perceived as “Time has no patience with us.” Control can give rise to positive or negative effects. When the balance generated by the law that coordinates the processes is influenced by factors that apply control procedures, we can talk about the likelihood of manipulation actions. Can the users of tourist services be manipulated by “social monitoring”? To find the answer to this question we need to find out if we have people who imagine at the theoretical and practical level the study and the application of manipulation theories, legal entities that undertake to provide specific services based on the manipulative control of some target subjects, customers requesting such services and, last but not least, a market to be presented with a portfolio of services verified in practice.

 Keywords Manipulation Tourism Monitoring Applications Potential Tourists User Generated Content Tourism 2.0

Full text available in PDF format.

References Alexa Internet Inc. (2011). Alexa top 500 global sites. Retrieved June 15, 2017, from http://www.alexa.com/topsites Barreda, A., & Bilgihan, A. (2013). An analysis of user-generated content for hotel experiences. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 4(3), 263–280. Berger, J., & Schwartz, E. (2011). What drives immediate and ongoing word of mouth? Journal of Marketing Research, 48(5), 869–880. Bødker, M., & Browning, D. (2012). Beyond destinations: Exploring tourist technology design spaces through local-tourist interactions. Digital Creativity, 23(3–4), 204–224. Boyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2008). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 210–230. Dediu, L., & Maiorescu, I. (2017). Manipulating social monitoring data for tourism strategies. In BASIQ International Conference: New Trends in Sustainable Business and Consumption 2017 (pp. 192–198). Proceedings of BASIQ. Del Chiappa, G., Lorenzo-Romero, C., & Alarcón-Del-Amo, M. (2015). The influence of user-generated content on tourists’ choices. Market-Tržište, 27(2), 221–236. Farnadi, G., Sitaraman, G., Sushmita, S., Celli, F., Kosinski, M., ... De Cock, M. (2016). Computational personality recognition in social media. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 26(2), 109–142. Grassegger, H., & Krogerus, M. (2017, January 28). The data that turned the world upside down. Motherboard. Retrieved June 15, 2017, from https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/how-our-likes-helped-trump-win Hall, J. A., Park, N., Song, H., & Cody, M. J. (2010). Strategic misrepresentation in online dating: The effects of gender, self-monitoring, and personality traits. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 27, 117–135. Hall, J. A., & Pennington, N. (2013). Self-monitoring, honesty, and cue use on Facebook: The relationship with user extraversion and conscientiousness. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 1556–1564. He, Q., Glas, C. A. W., Kosinski, M., Stillwell, D. J., & Veldkamp, B. P. (2014). Predicting self-monitoring skills using textual posts on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 33, 69–78. Herrero Crespo, Á., San Martín Gutiérrez, H., & Hernández Mogollón, J. M. (2015). Perceived influence on behavior of user-generated content on social network sites: An empirical application in the hotel sector. Revista Española de Investigación de Marketing ESIC, 19, 12–23. Izadi, E. (2015, January 17). You are what you “like” on Facebook; Study shows social media data can be an accurate personality assessment. Montreal Gazette. Retrieved June 15, 2017, from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1646352619/50D0A4C5CD944A29PQ/ Kosinski, M. (2013, March 14). Facebook likes show big data brings big responsibility. Financial Times. Retrieved June 15, 2017, from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1317443997/3C4E1703EF2B4BCCPQ/ Kosinski, M., Bachrach, Y., Kohli, P., Stillwell, D., & Graepel, T. (2014). Manifestations of user personality in website choice and behaviour on online social networks. Machine Learning, 95(3), 357–380. Kosinski, M., Stillwell, D. J., & Graepel, T. (2013). Private traits and attributes are predictable from digital records of human behavior. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 5802–5805. Kosinski, M., Wang, Y., Lakkaraju, H., & Leskovec, J. (2016). Mining big data to extract patterns and predict real-life outcomes. Psychological Methods, 21(4), 493–506. Lambiotte, R., & Kosinski, M. (2014). Tracking the digital footprints of personality. Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1935–1939. Law, R., Buhalis, D., & Cobanoglu, C. (2014). Progress on information and communication technologies in hospitality and tourism. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(5), 727–750. Markovikj, D., Gievska, S., Kosinski, M., & Stillwell, D. S. (2013). Mining Facebook data for predictive personality modeling. In Proceedings of the 7th International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM 2013). Boston, MA, United States. Marrese-Taylor, E., Velásquez, J. D., & Bravo-Márquez, F. (2014). A novel deterministic approach for aspect-based opinion mining in tourism products reviews. Expert Systems with Applications, 41, 7764–7775. Molz, J. G. (2012). Travel connections: Tourism, technology, and togetherness in a mobile world. Routledge. Munar, A. M., & Jacobsen, J. K. S. (2014). Motivations for sharing tourism experiences through social media. Tourism Management, 43, 46–54. Nix, A. (2016, September 27). The power of big data and psychographics [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved June 15, 2017, from https://youtu.be/n8Dd5aVXLCc?t=219 Park, G., Schwartz, H. A., Eichstaedt, J. C., Kern, M. L., Kosinski, M., Stillwell, D. J., Ungar, L. H., & Seligman, M. E. (2015). Automatic personality assessment through social media language. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108(6), 934. Park, J. H., Lee, C., Yoo, C., & Nam, Y. (2016). An analysis of the utilization of Facebook by local Korean governments for tourism development and the network of smart tourism ecosystem. International Journal of Information Management, 36, 1320–1327. PRNewswire. (2016, November 9). Cambridge Analytica congratulates President-elect Donald Trump and Vice President-elect Mike Pence. Cambridge Analytica. Retrieved June 15, 2017, from https://cambridgeanalytica.org/news/pressrelease/1293 Ryan, T., & Xenos, S. (2011). Who uses Facebook? An investigation into the relationship between the Big Five, shyness, narcissism, loneliness, and Facebook usage. Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 1658–1664. Schlenker, B. (2004). Self-presentation. In M. R. Leary & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 492–518). Guilford. Simms, A. (2012). Online user-generated content for travel planning: Different for different kinds of trips? e-Review of Tourism Research, 10(3), 76–85. Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30(4), 526–537. Stankov, U., Lazić, L., & Dragićević, V. (2010). The extent of use of basic Facebook user-generated content by the national tourism organizations in Europe. European Journal of Tourism Research, 3(2), 105–113. Steffes, E. M., & Burgee, L. E. (2009). Social ties and online word of mouth. Internet Research, 19(1), 42–59. Toma, C., Hancock, J., & Ellison, N. (2008). Separating fact from fiction: An examination of deceptive self-presentation in online dating profiles. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 1023–1036. Tung, V. W. S., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2011). Exploring the essence of memorable tourism experiences. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1367–1386. Youyou, W., Kosinski, M., & Stillwell, D. J. (2015). Computer-based personality judgements are more accurate than those made by humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(4), 1036–1040.